To build a nice v-taper you will need, like you said, a wider back, a trimmed waist, and broad shoulders.
Starting with back: Wide Grip Chins and Pull-ups, Wide Grip and Wide Neutral Grip Pulldowns, Cable Face Pulls, Cobra Cable Pulldowns, Cable and Barbell Decline Pullovers, DB Pullovers done with straight arms, Sternum Chin-ups, Rack Pulls (these will also build your traps, shoulders and back thickness in addition to strengthening your lower back and core), Rowing movements with a wide grip, Isometric cable rows, Negative Pull-ups, Static Hang from Pull-up bar, Reverse Rows, Rack Pull-ups and Reverse Rows with feet elevated on a stability ball and Deadlifts (although these are typically a back thickness exercise, they are great for building a v-taper because they bring in most of the muscles you are trying to work, abs, lats, traps, rear delts, not to mention the metabolic response they provide).
For shoulders, heavy overhead presses (DB, barbell and you can do drop sets with machines or or a smith for safety), 1-arm shoulder presses work great because you have stabilize your core, upright rows, reverse pec dec flyes and rear delt raises, side lateral raises (DB or cables), front raises, Arnold Presses, Cuban presses, Hang cleans, Clean and presses (Probably one of the best overall for shoulders and your V), Snatches.
For your abs, I would recommend staying away from things like side bends that will build the muscles around your hips wider. Try focusing on vacuums, planks, stability ball roll-outs, the ab wheel, BB roll-outs, Woodchoppers, All kinds of twisting and cross-body sit-ups, unilateral leg raises, Dragon flags (like leg raises but your entire torso is off the bench except your shoulders and your body is stiff as a board), pulse-ups and rotating pulse-ups, v-ups, and hanging leg raises from pull-up bar.
Some other ideas: Renegade rows, medicine ball slams, DB or Kettlebell swings and over-the-shoulder medicine ball throws.
This gives you a lot to work with so you can pick a few and work them into your split.
I hope this helps.